Owning a property in Spain is a long-held dream for many people. Sun, sea, the Mediterranean lifestyle – all in your own home. But if you’re looking into buying a house or apartment, sooner or later you’ll come across a topic that often makes headlines: Okupas (squatters).

In this article, you’ll find out what Okupas are, what the legal situation in Spain looks like and – most importantly – how you, as a buyer or homeowner, can protect yourself in the best possible way.

What are Okupas?

The term Okupas comes from the Spanish verb ocupar (to occupy). It refers to people who take over empty apartments or houses without the owners’ permission. Particularly affected are holiday homes or second residences that remain unoccupied for long periods

Why is this such a big issue in Spain?

Compared to other countries, Spain has a large number of vacant properties – from holiday homes on the coast to empty city apartments. These properties often become targets for squatters.

Media attention is high, but it’s important to know: the vast majority of property owners on the Costa Blanca and in other regions do not experience problems with Okupas, as long as they take preventive measures.

Legal situation in Spain

Spanish law distinguishes between two scenarios:

👉 Within the first 48 hours after occupation:
The police can quickly evict the intruders, as it is considered trespassing.

👉 After 48 hours:
It becomes more complicated. From this point on, the property is often considered the “residence” of the squatters. The owner must initiate legal proceedings, which takes time and money.

⚠️ Important: Do not act on your own (e.g., changing locks or cutting off electricity), as this could make you criminally liable.

Risks for property owners